Matricaria chamomilla
Chamomile tea is the remedy many of us grew up with: for stomach aches, restless evenings and sore skin. It may seem old-fashioned, but chamomile is one of the best-documented medicinal plants, and it is gentle enough for most people.
What is chamomile?
German chamomile is a small plant with white petals around a domed yellow center. It grows wild on fields and roadsides and is easy to grow in a garden or pot. Its dried flower heads contain essential oil (including chamazulene and bisabolol) and flavonoids such as apigenin.
Health benefits of chamomile
1. Calms the nervous system
Chamomile has a mild calming effect, partly attributed to apigenin, which binds to the same receptors in the brain as some sedatives, though much more weakly. Studies suggest chamomile extract can ease symptoms of generalized anxiety and improve sleep quality slightly. A cup in the evening is a pleasant ritual for winding down.
2. Soothes the digestive system
Chamomile is antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory. It is traditionally used for bloating, cramps, an upset stomach and mild inflammation of the stomach lining.
3. Supports the skin
Applied externally, chamomile soothes minor skin irritation, mild sunburn and inflamed skin. It is a common ingredient in products for sensitive skin.
4. Antibacterial effects
Chamomile has mild antibacterial properties, which is why it is used for mouth rinses and for steam inhalation during colds.
How to use chamomile
- Tea – one to two cups a day, especially in the evening.
- Steam inhalation – for blocked sinuses during a cold.
- Compresses – for irritated skin and minor wounds (not for the eyes, as tea can carry bacteria and pollen).
- Bath additive – for sensitive skin and relaxation.
Safety
People allergic to plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae), such as ragweed or arnica, may react to chamomile. In high doses it may enhance the effect of sedatives and interact with blood thinners such as warfarin.
Worth knowing
- In ancient Egypt, chamomile was dedicated to the sun god Ra.
- Chamomile rinses are traditionally used to bring out highlights in blond hair.
- Roman chamomile is a different plant with similar uses; German chamomile is the one most commonly used in teas.
Summary
Chamomile is a gentle, well-tolerated remedy for nervous tension, digestive complaints and irritated skin. It will not replace medication for anxiety or insomnia, but as a daily ritual it can make a real difference.
